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分子设计与纳米复合赋能皮革产业革新
—从生存铠甲到智能跨界载体的演进与突破
陆帮美1，徐群娜2，张雷2，马建中1,2,*
1.西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院，西安，710049；
2.陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院，西安，710021
* majz@xjtu.edu.cn
摘要
皮革作为典型的高附加值生物质材料，其产业发展始终伴随材料科学与工程技术的革新。皮革的“昨天”以植物鞣制和铬鞣法的发明为标志，实现了从传统手艺向现代化学工业的范式跨越，但也随之面临效率低下与重金属污染等瓶颈。“今天”的皮革工业在科技赋能下正经历一场深刻的绿色革命。由西安交通大学与陕西科技大学共同支撑的科锐新材料研究所以“绿色化、功能化、智能化”为核心目标，通过精准的分子设计与纳米复合技术，在皮革产业关键领域实现系列突破性创新：重构皮革胶原内在交联网络与表面界面功能，研发绿色乙烯基聚合物类鞣剂破解传统工艺污染与效率矛盾；创制功能型乙烯基聚合物类涂饰剂，突破“热黏冷脆”等百年技术瓶颈；构建废弃皮胶原高值化利用技术，实现从“固废处置”到“功能材料再造”的跨越。这些技术已成功转化至四十余家企业，涵盖制革生产、皮革化学品制造、军工配套等多个领域，推动传统皮革产业向高性能、绿色化与智能化转型升级。“明天”的皮革材料将进一步超越传统范畴，通过与生命科学、信息技术及人工智能等跨界融合，演进为组织工程、柔性电子、具身智能与人机情感交互的核心智能载体，开启创新驱动的价值跃升新纪元。本文以皮革的昨天、今天和明天为脉络，基于研究所的技术实践与产业探索，系统梳理皮革材料从传统生物质利用到智能跨界载体的科技演进路径，为生物质材料的创新转化与跨界应用提供参考。
关键词:
皮革, 绿色鞣剂, 功能涂饰剂, 高值化利用, 智能载体
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How to Cite
陆帮美, 徐群娜, 张雷, & 马建中. (2026). 分子设计与纳米复合赋能皮革产业革新: 从生存铠甲到智能跨界载体的演进与突破. INNOFORUM, 1(1), 1. 取读于 从 https://innoforum.cn/innoforum/article/view/2
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